我的外公
My Grandfather
范佑,客家⼈,⼀九⼆零年代末出⽣于⼴东陆丰南进村⼀个贫苦的家庭。据公公说,他⽗亲名叫范⾜德,号光旬公,年少时读过⼀点书,少懂医术;⺟亲名叫彭巧嫲,⽆读书,但天资聪颖, 是村⾥的织布绣花能⼿。因贫穷和疾病,他们相继在外公⼋岁和⼗四岁时离世。
在家⾥九个孩⼦⾥外公排⾏⼋,对上有两个哥哥五个姐姐,对下有⼀个弟弟。⼤哥和⼤嫂早年因饥荒饿死,⼆哥因⼩时玩耍⼿臂受伤⽽落下残疾,也早逝。最⼩的姐姐在河婆县居住直⾄九⼗⼆岁⾼龄。弟弟移居海南省三亚市也是直⾄九⼗多岁⾼龄。
外公原名范⽂佑。因家⾥缺粮⻝,外公⾃⼩就过继给⼆伯得以糊⼝,⼜因体弱多病,改名范陈佑。陈字源于村⾥寺庙供奉的陈林李三夫⼈,意在给陈夫⼈做⼉⼦,以保佑平安。在外公约四岁时,他的⼆伯就过世了。据说当时伯⺟叫外公去请⼆伯起床吃饭,但⼆伯在床上没有答应,⼩⼩的他就当场⼤声地哭了起来。事后伯⺟夸外公聪明,⼩⼩年纪就懂⽣死。没有了依靠,外公只能去地主家打⻓⼯。地主的⼉⼦名字⾥也有个陈字,地主婆就命外公把名字⾥的陈字去掉,今后只叫阿佑,范佑的名字就如此⽽来。
外公能吃苦,他对外婆说,在地主家做⻓⼯真的苦。⼋岁时地主叫他放⽜,晚上独⾃⼀⼈在荒⼭⾥和⽜睡觉。⼗四岁时⺟亲病重,被批准他回家两天看望,之后还重病⼀场。外公不挑⻝,但他说,曾经有⼀位地主过年时⽤喂猪的菜给⻓⼯们做包⼦,⼀⼝也吃不下。
据外公的回忆,他⼩时候没上学,但有⼏次接触知识的机会。村⾥有位⻓辈,外公称他作⽟树叔,上过私塾,在村⾥教孩⼦们读书。外公说⼩时候就是在那⾥学到 “上⼤⼈,孔⼄⼰”。外公⼜在⼀位有知识的⼈家中做过短⼯,帮和婆中学校⻓送过⼏次信,⻅识到什么是现代教学。
外公的童年在别⼈看来可能很苦,但他却从未被苦难压倒,反⽽从中练就了不屈不挠、积极向上的精神。他在解放前,通过⼀次偶然的机会经⼈介绍,参加了军。在解放后,外公在⻩埔⼯作,认识了到⻩埔游玩的外婆。据外婆回忆,她原本计划来⻩埔看望她的姐姐姐夫,停留两三个星期就回家。结果她的姐夫认识单身的外公,觉得他⼈品好,介绍给了外婆,两⼈⼀⻅钟情,外婆便留了下来,两⼈没过多久就结了婚。外婆说,外公待⼈平等,喜好⼴交朋友,深得⼯⼈们喜欢,也造就了他的好姻缘。
外婆说,女儿出⽣时,外公写信给她,说他收到消息,情不⾃禁地在外⾯跑,向天⾼呼,说他太开⼼了,不能相信⾃⼰也会有个⼥⼉。外公退伍后,被分配到农场⼯作。外婆和他在农场安下家来,陆续有了儿子和另一个女儿。外婆说,外公总要回家和⼤家⼀起吃饭,喜欢给三个孩⼦⼀⼝⼀⼝地喂饭吃。
外公常常⾃豪地跟我们说,他在农场时,因为领导知道他⼩时候放过⽜,被派往海南岛引进奶⽜,在困难的年代为公安部增添伙⻝。外公随后的⼏⼗年在公安部不同的岗位上⼯作,直到在⼴州⽯化⼯⼚离休。退休后的外公享受着⾃由丰富的⽣活,外出旅游疗养,和⼯友们喝早茶。
随着我和表妹的出⽣,他的⽣活⼜忙碌起来。外婆告诉我,外公每天早上起来帮我洗尿布。我也依稀记得⼩时候⼤家⼀起在外公外婆家住的时候,他给⼤家做早餐;他还常常带我去喝早茶,并且⼀定会点我爱吃的⽜⾁丸。他和蔼可亲,对晚辈悉⼼照顾。记得很⼩时候和他睡午觉,可能因为⼴州热,他和婆婆怕我睡得汗流浃背,就帮我在背上夹块⼩⽑⼱。醒来后⽑⼱露了⼀截出来,他追着我说我⻓⼩尾巴了,逗得我哈哈⼤笑。外公在我上三年级前和外婆⼀到移⺠到了加拿⼤。⾃那以后,我最期盼的就是收到他们的来信,逢年过节和他们打电话。
⼀晃眼就是⼗年。我⼗⼋岁的时候和表妹⼀起跟着回国探亲的外公外婆,来到⼀直向往的加拿⼤学习⽣活。外公对我们两⼈的⽣活悉⼼照顾,让我们在地球的另⼀边也感受到家⼀样的温暖。他拿着地图⼿把⼿地教我们如何坐⻋上学,每天外出寻找物美价廉的⻝物让外婆给我们做可⼝的饭菜,冬天晚上下雪了,他必定⽐我们都要早起来扫雪,免得耽误我们上学。公公也常下厨,他做的炒⻢铃薯丝,切得细,炒得爽⼝,我们⼤家都喜欢吃。
外公和善,我从没看⻅他发脾⽓。在我的记忆⾥,他语重⼼⻓地责备过我两次,⼀次提醒我慎交友,另⼀次叫我少饮酒。他平时也爱向我们劝学,总会说,“书中⾃有⻩⾦屋,书中⾃有颜如⽟”。他说的不是要我们最求名利,⽽是在提醒我们知识能有改变命运的⼒量。
在我眼⾥,公公平凡⼜伟⼤。平凡的是他的⼀⽣是⽆数在那个年代在中国出⽣的贫苦⼈⺠的真实写照,但他⽤⼀步步坚定不移的脚印,乐观向上的⼼态,和平易近⼈的性情,为我们披荆斩棘,遮⻛挡⾬,创造了⽆尽的美好回忆,激励着我在⼈⽣道路上勇敢前⾏。
Fan You was born in the late 1920s to a poor Hakka family in the village of Nanjin, Lufeng Guangdong. According to him, his father was Fan Zude (courtesy name Guangxun Gong), who had a little education in his youth and knew a little medicine. His mother was Peng Qiaoma, and although uneducated, she was naturally gifted and known in the village as a skilled weaver and embroiderer. Illness and poverty led his parents to pass away in succession when Fan You was eight and fourteen.
Fan You was eighth of nine siblings, with two older brothers, five older sisters, and one younger brother. His eldest brother and sister-in-law died in their youth from famine, while his second eldest brother, having injured his arm while playing, became disabled and also passed away early. The youngest of his sisters lived in Hepo County until the advanced age of ninety-two, while his younger brother moved to Sanya, Hainan and also lived past ninety years old.
Grandfather’s name was originally Fan Wenyou. Due to a lack of food, Grandfather was adopted at a young age to his second paternal uncle to make a living. Frail and sickly, his name was changed to Fan Chenyou in dedication to the Chen family shrine. This was because the village had enshrined the men of the Chen, Lin, and Li families, and they hoped that by naming him a son of Chen, the ancestors would bless him with their protection. Around age four, Grandfather’s second uncle passed away. It is said that his aunt asked him to wake his uncle for a meal, but his uncle did not respond. Little as he was, he immediately began to cry loudly. Afterwards, his aunt praised Grandfather for his intelligence, since he had understood life and death at such a young age. With no one else to rely on, Grandfather had no choice but to become a labourer for the local landlord. As the name of the landlord’s son also included the character “Chen”, the landlady ordered him to remove “Chen” from his name so that he would simply be called “Ah-You”. This was how his name came to be.
Grandfather could endure hardship, but as he told Grandmother, being a long-term labourer was truly harsh. When he was eight he was made to herd cattle, and slept alone in the wilderness with the oxen each night. At age fourteen, when his mother fell gravely ill, he was allowed two days’ leave to return home, after which he also fell severely ill. Grandfather was not a picky eater, but he said that once during the New Year, one of the landlords fed the labourers steamed buns made from hog feed, and he could not eat even a single bite.
Grandfather said that although he never went to school, he had a few opportunities to learn. There was an elder in the village he called Uncle Yushu who had attended private school and would teach the village children to read. Grandfather said that was how he learned the phrase “Shang da ren, Kong Yiji.” Occasionally, he also worked for an educated household and helped deliver mail for Hepo Middle School's principal, which exposed him to a taste of modern education.
To others, Grandfather’s childhood may have seemed very bitter, but he was never crushed by hardship. Instead, it forged in him an unyielding and optimistic spirit. Before Liberation, he joined the army by a chance introduction. After Liberation, Grandfather worked in Huangpu where he met Grandmother while she was visiting her older sister and brother-in-law. According to Grandmother, she had only intended to stay for two to three weeks before returning home, but her brother-in-law knew Grandfather was single and approved of his character, so he introduced them. They fell in love at first sight, and so she stayed in Huangpu where the two were married soon after. Grandmother said that Grandfather treated everyone equally, loved making friends, and was well-liked by everyone—the same traits that helped them cultivate a happy marriage.
Grandmother said when their daughter was born, Grandfather wrote her a letter saying that when he heard the news, he could not resist running outside to shout at the sky with joy, for he could hardly believe that he now had a daughter of his own. After he was discharged, Grandfather was assigned to work at a farm. Grandmother settled down with him and they had a son and another daughter. She said that Grandfather would always be home in time to eat with family, and loved feeding his three children bite by bite.
Grandfather often proudly told us that, because the overseer at the farm knew he had herded cattle when he was young, he was sent to Hainan Island to source dairy cows, helping improve food security during those difficult years. In the following decades, he held various roles in public security until his retirement from a Guangzhou petrochemical plant. After retiring, Grandfather lived a free and fulfilling life, travelling, resting, and having dim sum with his former colleagues.
With the birth of me and my cousin, his life became busy again. Grandmother said that every morning Grandfather would get up and wash my diapers. I vaguely remember that when I was little and we all lived in my grandparents' house, Grandfather would make breakfast for everyone. He often took me out for dim sum, and would always order the beef meatballs I loved. He was kind and gentle, and very attentive to his grandchildren. I remember when I was very young and taking naps with him, Grandfather and Grandmother would tuck a small towel behind my back perhaps because Guangzhou was hot, and they were worried that I would be covered in sweat. When I woke up, the towel would stick out a little from my shirt, and he would chase after me saying I had grown a little tail, teasing me until I burst out laughing. Grandfather and Grandmother immigrated to Canada just before I entered third grade. After that, I most looked forward to receiving their letters and calling them during the holidays.
Ten years passed in an instant. When I was eighteen, accompanied by Grandmother and Grandfather who had returned to see relatives in China, my cousin and I travelled to Canada, fulfilling my long-awaited dream of living and studying there. Grandfather took great care of the two of us, making us feel at home even on the other side of the world. He would hold a map and show us step-by-step how to take the bus to school. Every day he went out to find high-quality, affordable ingredients for Grandmother to cook tasty meals for us. When it snowed overnight in the winter, he would always get up before us to shovel the snow so that we would not be late for school. Grandfather also cooked often, and we all loved his thin and crispy stir-fried potato strips.
Grandfather was gentle and kind, and I never saw him lose his temper. He only seriously reprimanded me twice: once to remind me to choose my friends carefully, and another time to drink less. He often encouraged us to study, reciting “Books enclose golden houses, books enclose jade-faced beauties.” In saying this, he was not encouraging us to pursue fame and fortune, but rather, simply reminding us that knowledge has the power to change one’s destiny.
In my eyes, Grandfather was both ordinary and great. He was ordinary in that his life mirrored the lives of so many poor people born in China during that era. Yet with his steadfast determination, optimistic spirit, and amiable nature, he paved the way for us and shielded us from wind and rain, creating wonderful lasting memories and inspiring me to bravely advance on the path of life.